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Apolipoprotein A1 and B test is performed to check patients for risk of cardiovascular diseases. The proteins in question, Apolipoprotein A1 and B are a part of high density lipoprotein and low density lipoprotein respectively. The goal of the Apolipoprotein A1 and B test is to find out the ratio of low density lipoprotein (bad cholesterol) and high density lipoprotein (good cholesterol) in your blood.
The ratio of good and bad cholesterol in your body are indicative of cardiovascular diseases. Another alternative of the Apolipoprotein A1 and B test is the lipid profile test. However, the Apolipoprotein A1 and B test has been deemed to be more accurate compared to lipid profile tests. This is mainly due to the one to one ratio of Apolipoprotein to low and high density lipoprotein, which allows for more accurate cardiovascular risk assessment of patients.
The Apolipoprotein A1 and B test are prescribed by doctors to assess a patient’s cardiovascular risks. This test is not a part of screening tests usually prescribed to patients. An ApoA1 and B test are prescribed to patients as a part of definitive cardiac risk assessments if the patient has a history of heart attack. This test can also be prescribed to patients in the following condition:
● Inconsistent lipid profile test results
● Diabetes diagnosis
● Renal failure
● Underactive thyroid gland
The results of the Apolipoprotein tests are expressed in terms of mg/dL. The normal levels of Apo A1 and B in adult men are ideally less than or equal to 120 mg/dL and less than 90 mg/dL respectively. In women the ideal values are more than or equal to 140 mg/dL and less than 90 mg/dL respectively.
For both women and men Apo B levels higher than 100 mg/dL up to and over 140 mg/dL are considered borderline high to very high levels. Another thing to consider when looking at Apo A1 and B tests is the ratio of the two components in your blood.
● A ratio of less than 0.7 and less than 0.6 for Apo A1 and B are considered low risk of cardiovascular diseases for men and women respectively.
● A ratio of 0.7 to 0.9 and 0.6 to 0.8 are considered average risk of cardiovascular diseases in men and women respectively
● Any ratio of Apo A1 and B of over 0.9 in men and over 0.8 in women is considered a higher risk of cardiovascular diseases
The Apo A1 and B test is performed by drawing blood from the veins of the patient to be sent for testing. As a prerequisite, patients are mandatorily required to fast for at least 10 to 12 hours before the test.