What is the Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) test?
Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is a protein produced by prostate cells. The PSA is found in semen and allows to liquefy the semen allowing the sperm to flow freely. It is made by prostate epithelial cells and is the most commonly used serum marker Of the prostate. The PSA is usually elevated in prostate cancer. The PSA test measures the level of PSA in the blood
When is the Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) test done?
A doctor may recommend this test in the following.
- To evaluate for Benign prostatic hyperplasia
- To diagnose Prostatitis
- To diagnose Prostate cancer
- Sometimes PSA is raised in urinary tract infections (UTI) or genitourinary tract infections. In such cases, a clinical history is significant
What are the components of the Prostate-specific (PSA) test?
PSA blood test is a test that measures the level of PSA in the blood can be done in four ways
- Percent-free PSA
- PSA density
- PSA velocity
- Age-specific PSA
Although the general recommendations suggest that screening should begin at age 55, a PSA test is needed in any of the following :
- Two family members have suffered from prostate cancer
- Have at least one family member, like a father or brother with prostate cancer.
Remember: the PSA test is not a sure test for prostate cancer. The biopsy can do the confirmation from the prostate gland
What is the usual range of Prostate-specific (PSA) tests?
- Broadly A value below 4ng/ml: Normal
- Between 4 and 10 ng/mL: Needs further evaluation
Normal range of PSA at different ages[1]
- 40-49 years : 2.5 ng/ml
- 50-59 years: 3.5 ng/ml
- 60-69 years:4.5ng/ml
- 70-79 years :6.5ng/ml [1]
How is the Prostate-specific (PSA) test done?
- The blood sample is obtained from a vein.
- Also vigorous exercise to be avoided.